الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The combustion properties of large-scale crude oil pool fire have great significance for security design and firefighting of current crude oil reserves. Burning rate, flame shape and radiation intensity are the most important parameters for fire properties. In this thesis CFD is developed to study the potential of a large crude oil storage tank fire escalating. Three models were created, in order to predict smoke and flame parameters, combustion properties and temperature layers distribution of the smoke in and around the tank under various boundary conditions. Combining the three models (Pool Fire model, Thermal loading model and Tank farm model) forms the basis of the storage tanks spacing international codes and presents a number of innovative features, in terms of assessing the response to an adjacent tank fire: such features include predicting the distribution of thermal load on tanks adjacent to the tank on fire and thermal load on the ground. The Pool Fire model can predict the flame height, as another important characteristic parameter. Additionally, illustrates the relationship between wind velocity and smoke features at various points in space and its changes with time. The Pool Loading Fire model estimate the relationship between the level of oil and the features of combustion. The effects of length from pan lip to oil surfaces is studied under various speed of wind for measuring flame temperature and its distribution. In the tank farm model, fire is outbreak in rim seal in one of the four storage tanks, where the fire is transferred to full surface fire. The model predicts the potential of tank fire outbreak, smoke tracing and both smoke/flame temperature that spreads at wind speed of 3 m/s, 9 m/s, 18 m/s in south-west direction. In this study, the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) is adopted to simulate pool fires in a tank farm. It does not only investigate and analyze heat radiation flux, but also the temperature difference rises and flame/smoke temperature contours behavior. This simulation is performed to predict the potentials of a large crude oil storage tank fire outbreak. These data are used in designing tank farms and applying the firefighting strategy. A super CPU with large RAM is used to operate the simulation program, to simulate one of the largest crude oil farms in the world. The model will be investigated for identifying the worst-case scenarios that might occur in a large crude oil tank. FDS model provides qualitative data that increase the level of safety, such as the minimum safe separation distances and the location of firefighters during the firefighting process. It also determines the most critical area, which is needed for water-cooling system. Adequate data of extinguishment for high expansion foam system and fire water supplying system are calculated according to “Fire prevention code of petrochemical” to extinguish full surface fires of large-scale floating roof tanks. This study also tackles the duration after which human beings feel pain after being exposed to heat radiation.