الفهرس 
Fluid mechanicsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Peristalsis is the primary method for transporting physiological fluids through many biological systems. There are many applications for this property in the human body, some of which are urine flow in the ureter, chyme movement through the digestive system, the transport of nutrients from the mouth through the esophagus, transport of the lymph into lymphatic vessels, the peristaltic movement of ova inside the fallopian tube and the flow of sperm into a duct on the cervix. There are also man-made tools as an application of peristaltic pumping process, such as mechanical pumps for physiological fluid pumping as heart lung pump which used open-heart surgery to pump blood through the lungs and all other parts of the body At the beginning of the study of peristaltic motion, hypotheses were made for fluids that were classified as Newtonian fluids. The Newtonian classification is limited only to the study of urine flow through the ureter or fluid flow through channels/tubes under various assumptions. But in nature the behavior of non-Newtonian fluids is dominant. Most of the biological fluids in the human body, such as chyme in the digestive system and blood flow in arteries, are classified as non-Newtonian fluids which result in unexpected changes in the fluid behavior. The mathematical equations describing this problem are complex, and for this reason challenges were made by mathematicians and physicists to search for how to find numerical and analytical solutions. The current study presents the non-Newtonian fluid as a Maxwell model due to it being the simplest class of viscoelastic fluids and it represents the flow of blood through the small vessels as the dimensionless relaxation time is small and at low shear stress.