الفهرس 
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Abstract
This work investigates the performance of load frequency control (LFC)
of three area interconnected wind-thermal-hydro power systems with
optimal control techniques for different controllers such as proportional-
integral-derivative (PlO) controller, fractional order proportional-
integral-derivative (FOPID) controller, fuzzy PlO controller and fuzzy
FOPID controller. The gains of these controllers obtained by a particle
swarm optimization (PSO) technique and a comparison made between
them.
In addition, using self-tuned control techniques such as fuzzy self-tuned
PlO controller, fuzzy (FOPID) controller, fuzzy self-tuned using relative
rate observer fuzzy prpportional-integral-derivative FPID controller and
fuzzy self-tuned using relative rate observer fuzzy fractional order
proportional-integral-derivative FFOPID controller.
Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) which has self-tuned capabilities in set
point tracking performance employed in the system under the objective
function integral time absolute error (IT AE) and comparison made
between different control techniques to suggest an adequate control
technique for the system. The aim of FLC is to restore the frequency and
tie line power in very smooth way to its nominal value in the shortest
possible time. Time domain simulation used to study the performance of
the system using MATLAB SIMULINK.