الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
The current study aims to assess the possible relationship between Blastocystis infection and CRC, also to investigate the frequency of Blastocystis infection among CRC patients in comparison to non-cancer patient and to evaluate the association potential of genetically identified STs of encountered Blastocystis infection with CRC.
The study was performed on two hundred (200) participants, 100 patients with CRC (cases), and 100 subjects (control) attending the out-patient clinics of Beni-Suef University Hospital. The study was performed in the period from February 2019 to February 2021.
In the present study, the prevalence of Blastocystis infection is 52% in CRC patients and 42% in controls considering in vitro culture as a golden reference test. Blastocystis spp. was detected in 30 (30%), 36 (36%) by wet mount examination and modified trichrome staining respectively in cases and was detected in 28 (28%), 32 (32%) respectively in controls. The present results revealed that culture on Jones’ medium was the best method in diagnosis of Blastocystis spp. followed by modified trichrome staining then wet mount examination.
The most frequent symptom in this study was abdominal pain in (88%), followed by constipation in (70%) of cases. The least frequent symptoms were anorexia in (4%), tenesmus in (6%) and passage of mucus in stool in (12%) of cases.Urticaria was more prevelent among studied CRC patients with positive Blastocystis infection as compared to non infected patients; (P=0.014).
In the present study, Blastocystis was more frequent among studied CRC patients who received a previous radio- or chemo-therapy as compared to whom without previous therapy.
The present study demonstrates a significant association between colonoscopy grading of CRC patients and Blastocystis infection: grade 3 had more positive Blastocystis infection as compared to grade 2; (65.4 vs. 34.6%) with statistical significant difference (P= 0.034).
There is a significant association between staging of CRC patients and Blastocystis infection. With increasing stage, more infection rates were detected (38.5%, 34.6 and 26.9%) in stage 4,3,2 respectively; (P= 0.031).
Four STs were identified in the study .ST1,ST2 and ST3 were identified in cases and control group meanwhile ST7 was detected in cases only. In colorectal cancer patients, ST3 was the most prevalent (40% ), followed by ST2 (30%) then ST7 that was found in cases only (20%) and ST1 (10%). While among healthy controls, ST1,ST3 and ST2 were detected in (40%, 40% 20% respectively).