الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis aims to study the design of the charge pump circuits and proposes a charge pump circuit with programmable high voltage output, which can supply different photo diode types including: SPAD (single photon avalanche diode), APD (avalanche photo diode) and PD (linear photo diode). Due to the light sensitivity of different types of photo diodes, it is preferable to have one charge pump which can be programmable and work for the three different types of diodes, so that in case of daylight a low sensitivity diode is needed while in case of nightlight a high sensitivity diode is needed.
Optical detectors and imaging arrays applications using the photo diode benefit a lot from the ability of having a wide range of incident optical power. Using the proposed charge pump with programmability will achieve all three modes for the photo diode (SPAD, APD, and PD), which increases the optical dynamic range.
The thesis includes two proposed charge pump circuits in 65nm CMOS technology that consists of several number of stages to provide high voltage outputs. Each stage acts in a bidirectional way so that it can be either in charging or discharging phase which allows the output stages to be programmable and have a high dynamic range with good power efficiency.
The first charge pump circuit provides a 20V output driver signal at a 100μA load that fully switches a 50pF load at 25 kHz, achieves 48% efficiency, and occupies an area of 0.13 mm2.
The second charge pump circuit provides a programmable 12V output, which drives a 120µA maximum load at 64% power efficiency, 2.25mW power consumption, and occupies an area of 0.07 mm2.