الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Infertility is one of the most serious social problems facing developed countries. It affects up to 15 % of couples. A male factor is solely responsible in about 20% of infertile couples and contributory in 30–40 % of cases (Ammar et al., 2012). The list of known causes of male infertility is vast and broadly includes: varicocele, urogenital infections, immunologic factors (e.g., antisperm antibodies), sexual/ejaculatory inadequacy, congenital disorders (e.g., Kallmann‘s syndrome, Klinefelter‘s syndrome, etc.), acquired urogenital abnormalities, and endocrine disorders (Saalu, 2010). In more than 50 % of male infertility cases, the etiology remains unknown, and the infertility is thus classified as idiopathic. Idiopathic male infertility is the main complication arising in male patients with high levels of OS (Joffe, 2010).