الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary and conclusions
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different adhesives and CAD/CAM surface
treatment on the SBS of CAD/CAM resin composite to dentin. A total of 60 human molar teeth were
used. Flat dentin surfaces were prepared, and teeth were vertically sectioned in the bucco-lingual
directions into mesial and distal halves using low speed abrasive discs under copious water
irrigation. Dentin specimens were divided into 12 groups (n=10/group) according to: 1- Type of
adhesive, 4 groups (DC/E&R, DC/SE, SC/E&R, and SC/SE) and 2- CAD/CAM surface treatment, 3 groups
(SB, SB/US, and SB/AE). CAD/CAM resin composite blocks were sectioned into 2mm x 2mmx 4mm
rectangular rods using a slow speed disc equipped with a water- cooled diamond blade (Isomate),
obtaining 120 rectangular rods. All CAD/CAM rods were sandblasted using 50μm aluminum
oxide particles according to manufacture instructions and left without further treatment,
ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water, or acid etched using 35% phosphoric acid. Adhesives were
applied to dentin according to its manufacturer instructions. After each respective
dentin and CAD/CAM rod surface treatment, rods were cemented to dentin using dual-cured resin
cement according to manufacturers’ instructions. Specimens were stored in distilled water at
room temperature for 48 hours before SBS testing. The SBS was run at a crosshead speed of 0.5
mm/min until failure. Statistical analysis was performed using Two- Way ANOVA/Tukey HSD test.
The results of this study showed that the adhesive type, surface treatment, and their interactions
(adhesive type x surface treatment) had significant effect on SBS (P=0.002, P0.0001, and
P0.0001, respectively). Self-cured adhesive with etch- and-rinse mode showed higher
significant SBS compared to dual- cured adhesive in etch-and-rinse mode (P<0.05).
Sandblasting
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Summary and conclusions
revealed the highest significant SBS (P<0.05) among the different surface treatments. Failure
mode analysis showed that mixed failure mode was the predominate type of failure (59.2%).
Under the limitation of this study the following conclusions could be suggested:
1. No matter what application mode was applied; it was apparent that the use of both dual-cured
universal and self-cured adhesive in their simplified forms (self-etching approach) was
preferrable.
2. When using etch-and-rinse mode, the self-cured adhesive is more suitable than the dual-cured
universal one.
3. Sandblasting without any further surface treatments was enough to adjust the SBS of the CAD/CAM
composite to dentin.
4- After sandblasting, both ultrasonic and acid etching surface treatments failed to
restore the SBS. In this situation, their use will only lead to unnecessary increase in the
clinical chair time.