الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study evaluated and compared the efficacy of three herbal- based mouth rinses intraorally licorice extract, stevia extract and thymus vulgaris extract compared to the 0.2% chlorohexidine mouthwash. The study evaluated the microbial count, the pH value, the gingival and plaque index.
The study population comprised of 28 children aged from 7 to 12 years old. They were divided into four groups. The first group included 7 children who received the licorice extract mouthwash. The second group received stevia extract mouthwash. The third group received thyme extract mouthwash and the fourth group was the control group who received the 0.2% cholorohexidine mouthwash.
An in vitro study was carried out firstly to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of each herbal extract on Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and Porphyrmonas gingivalis using broth dilution technique.
Salivary sample was taken before using the mouth-rinses to measure the pH value using the digital pH meter. Another salivary sample was taken at the same visit after using the mouth-rinses to monitor the pH value after 1, 15, and 30 minutes.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of the four groups, salivary samples were collected before using the mouth-rinses for microbial counts in sterile plastic containers and delivered within two hours from taking the samples to avoid the inaccuracy and microbial overgrowth.
A culture for Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and Porphyrmonos gingivalis was carried out in the microbiology laboratory. To compare between the different groups, microbial colony counts were measured after using the mouth-rinses for 2 weeks and 1 month.
After taking the saliva samples, there was no growth of P.gingivalis in most cases of the study as P. gingivalis seemed to be more stable in the late teenage years, possibly as deeper pockets develop.
According to Silness and Loe criteria, the level of cleanliness and gingival status were assessed on the inner and outer surfaces of six index teeth before using the mouth-rinses as a baseline. The readings were taken after 2 weeks and 1 month.
Licorice, Stevia and Thyme extracts have received special attention nowadays because of being natural, non-synthetic without any chemical additives or markedly side effects, compared to chlorohexidine mouthwash which its main disadvantages are tooth discoloration and unfavorable taste with children. Also, it has been resulted their efficacy in suppressing the bacterial colonies of Streptococcus mutans.
In vivo analysis of Streptococcus mutans colony counts in saliva, there was significantly reduction of bacterial count of streptococcus mutans for all groups without a significant difference between them groups. However, there was a significant difference in Streptococcus mutans count within each group.
There was a reduction in candida albicans count within Thyme, Licorice, and chlorohexidine groups. However, Stevia showed no antifungal effect.
The study evaluated the pH showing that alkalinity increased significantly which might serve as a preventive measure to reduce dental caries.
Licorice, stevia, and chlorohexidine groups enhanced the gingival and the periodontal health in which GI and PI decreased significantly after one month follow up.