الفهرس 
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Abstract
Accurate measurements of left ventricular volumes and function are important in the management of patients with various cardiac abnormalities. Speckle tracking echocardiography has shown to be accurate in detecting subclinical myocardial dysfunction when most of the conventional echocardiograph parameters were normal or reported inconsistent results
Aim of the study was to establish normal values for the LV systolic function among healthy Egyptian pediatric population using 2D and 3D speckle tracking Echocardiography.
The study included 200 subjects who attended cardiology department Ain Shams University for elective echocardiology below 6 years of age with unremarkable history and no chronic illness affecting LV function with normal 2D echocardiography.
Regarding the 2D speckle tracking parameters: our study population longitudinal strain ranged from -24.9% to -30.7% with mean of -21.67±4.98%. Circumferential strain was from -16.7% to -23.4% with mean of -19.02±1.23%. And radial strain ranged from 37.4% to 52.6% with mean of 42.25±2.35%.
Regarding the 3D speckle tracking data: longitudinal strain ranged from -17% to -30% with mean of -20.48±1.526%. Circumferential strain ranged from -10% to -21% with mean of -13.90±2.05%. While radial strain ranged from 41% to 61% with mean of 47.21±2.382%.
There was strongly positive significant correlation between age and 2D values of strain with r value in GLS of 0.898 and P value of 0.001. The GCS showed weakly positive non-significant correlation with r value was 0.077 and P value was 0.28 while GRS showed strongly negative significant correlation with r value of -0.886 and P value of 0.001.
Also, 3D GLS values had strongly positive significant correlation to age with r value of 0.766 and P value of 0.001. While GCS showed weakly positive non-significant correlation with r value of 0.055 and P value of 0.955 and GRS showed strongly negative significant correlation with r value of -0.653 and P value of 0.001.
Also, linear correlation analysis of 2D and 3D values of strain showed that GLS had a strongly positive significant correlation with r value 0.702 and P value 0.001. While GCS showed weakly positive non-significant correlation with r value 0.105 and P value 0.161. And GRS showed strongly positive significant correlation with r value 0.6 and P value 0.001.
We reported echocardiographic normal values for LV strain by 2D and 3D STE in healthy Egyptian children by using vendor specific (Vivid E 95) software. Our results were almost concordant with previous observations in most of values except for circumferential strain which showed discordance with previous observation especially 3D values which could be attributed to different echo system used and different ethnicity. Further studies are required to reinforce these data.