الفهرس 
General introduction and Literature review Section AOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This section involves an introduction about coccidiosis, causative parasites, disease symptoms, negative impact on poultry, classification and mode of action of anticoccidial drugs
Section B: Literature review
This section includes a review of the physical and chemical properties of the studied anticoccidial drugs namely amprolium hydrochloride, sulfaquinoxaline sodium, sulfadimidine (sulfamethazine) sodium and diaveridine hydrochloride. Also, it includes different analytical methods reported in the literature that aimed for the determination of the selected drugs in combination with other compounds, veterinary formulations, and different matrices.
Part II: Spectrophotometric determinations of some anticoccidial drug combinations
This part is divided into five sections:
Section A: Simultaneous determination of diaveridine hydrochloride and sulfadimidine sodium by zero-crossing first derivative spectrophotometric method
The first derivative of the zero order spectra for diaveridine hydrochloride and sulfadimidine sodium was obtained. Diaveridine hydrochloride was measured at 242.4 nm and sulfadimidine sodium was measured at 259.3 nm with mean recovery percentages of 99.50 ± 1.058% and 99.87 ± 0.876%, respectively.
Section B: Simultaneous determination of diaveridine hydrochloride and sulfadimidine sodium by derivative ratio spectrophotometric method
The first derivative of the ratio spectra for diaveridine hydrochloride and sulfadimidine sodium were obtained. Diaveridine hydrochloride was measured at 234.5 nm and sulfadimidine sodium was measured at 255.1 nm with mean recovery percentages of 100.30 ± 0.947% and 100.70 ± 0.916%, respectively.
Section C: Simultaneous determination of diaveridine hydrochloride and sulfadimidine sodium by mean centering spectrophotometric method
The obtained ratio spectra were mean centered and the peak amplitude was measured at 237.7 nm for diaveridine hydrochloride and 264.9 nm for sulfadimidine sodium with mean recovery percentages of 99.65 ± 0.696% and 100.05 ± 0.819%, respectively.
Section D: Simultaneous determination of amprolium hydrochloride, sulfaquinoxaline sodium and diaveridine hydrochloride by dual wavelength in ratio spectra spectrophotometric method
ΔP264&301.9 nm, ΔP250.9&279 nm and ΔP218&243.5 nm for amprolium hydrochloride, sulfaquinoxaline sodium and diaveridine hydrochloride, respectively were measured and calibration curves were constructed. The proposed method was successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of AMP, SQX and DVD in bulk powder with mean recovery percentages of 100.00 ± 0.923%, 99.31 ± 1.091 % and 100.64 ± 1.221%, respectively
Section E: Simultaneous determination of amprolium hydrochloride, sulfaquinoxaline sodium and diaveridine hydrochloride by multivariate chemometric methods: principal component regression method (PCR) and partial least-squares method (PLS-2)
For each of PCR and PLS-2, a calibration set of 20 laboratory-prepared mixtures of AMP, SQX and DVD in different ratios within concentration ranges 3.00 – 11.00, 1.00 – 9.00 and 3.00 – 15.00 µg/mL, for AMP, SQX and DVD, respectively, was designed using multi-level multi-factor experimental Brereton design. The concentrations were calculated using the optimized PCR or PLS-2 calibration model after being recorded in the same specified lambda range and the mean recovery percentages and standard deviations were then calculated
Part III: Spectrofluorimetric determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium; application to multi-ingredient formulation and combinations with both animal and vegetable food
This part is divided into two sections:
Section A: Introduction
This section explains the theory of fluorescence quenching and defines carbon dots as a novel class of carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials, their advantages over traditional fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots and their fabrication approaches. Moreover, this section explains the purpose of experimental design and its advantage over traditional experimentation.
Section B: Eco-friendly microwave-assisted synthesis of N-doped carbon dots for spectrofluorimetric determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium in chicken food and plasma samples; investigation by two-level factorial design
The fluorescence of two carbon dots preparations was quenched by sulfaquinoxaline sodium and measured at λemm 376 nm and 445 nm, for the 1st and 2nd carbon dots preparations, respectively. This method was used to determine sulfaquinoxaline sodium in pure form with mean recovery percentage of 100.03 ± 1.119% and 100.18 ± 0.659% for the 1st and 2nd CD preparations, respectively, and was successfully applied in multi-ingredient veterinary formulation and chicken food and plasma samples.
Part IV: Simultaneous determination of amprolium hydrochloride, diaveridine hydrochloride and sulfaquinoxaline sodium in presence of coadministered anthelmentics levamisole hydrochloride and albendazole by HPLC/PDA method
A multi-class/multi-residue HPLC/PDA method was proposed for simultaneous determination of three anticoccidial drugs namely amprolium hydrochloride, diaveridine hydrochloride and sulfaquinoxaline sodium in presence of commonly co-administered anthelmintics namely levamisole hydrochloride and albendazole, with mean recovery percentages of 100.34 ± 1.536%, 99.86 ± 1.073% and 100.82 ± 1.257% for AMP, DVD and SQX, respectively. Experimental conditions such as mobile phase composition, flow rate and wavelength of detection were optimized.
Part V: Potentiometric determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium; application to multi-ingredient formulation
This part is divided into two sections:
Section A: Potentiometric determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium by precipitation based technique
This section described the use of the precipitation-based technique of sulfaquinoxaline sodium with silver nitrate forming a stable ion association complex. This electrode was used to determine sulfaquinoxaline sodium in bulk powder, multi-ingredient veterinary formulation as well as different food samples. The accuracy result for potentiometric determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium was 100.30 ± 0.883%.
The performance of the electrode was assessed according to the IUPAC recommendations and showed that it had fast, stable and nernstian response.
Response time, effect of pH and temperature on the response, selectivity and stability of the electrode were studied to determine the optimum conditions for the determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium in pure form, multi-ingredient veterinary formulation and food samples.
Section B: Molecular imprinted polymer based potentiometric determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium
This section described the use of sulfaquinoxaline sodium-imprinted polymeric receptor as an ionophore for potentiometric transduction. The electrodes were used to determine sulfaquinoxaline sodium in bulk powder, multi-ingredient veterinary formulation as well as different food samples. The accuracy results for potentiometric determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium were 100.87 ± 1.009% and 100.52 ± 0.873% for electrode 1 and electrode 2, respectively.
The performance of the electrodes was assessed according to the IUPAC recommendations and showed that they had fast, stable and nernstian response.
Response time, effect of pH and temperature on the response, selectivity and stability of the electrodes were studied to determine the optimum conditions for the determination of sulfaquinoxaline sodium in pure form, multi-ingredient veterinary formulation and food samples.