الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary : Introduction: Childhood community-acquired pneumonia is a common and serious health care problem, responsible for one fifth of children’s deaths around the world, according to WHO pneumonia is the single largest infectious cause of death in children worldwide. Pneumonia killed 740180 children under the age of 5 in 2019, accounting for 14% of all deaths of children under five years old. Pneumonia characterized by the inflammation in the terminal airway, alveoli, and lung mesenchyme, usually caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and mycoplasma. Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to assess the oxidative status in infants and children with community acquired pneumonia before and after72hrs of mechanical ventilation and its relation to weaning from the ventilator. Study design : Pre-post prospective study. Subject :Two group of children of both gender with age ranging from (3months-5years) were included in this study. group I: 21infants or children presented with CAP and were in need of IMV according to the classical indications for initiation of ventilatory support (Hamed et al., 2006) and were recruited sequentially from the ICU of Mansoura University Children’s Hospital in the period of November 2019 to November 2020.group II: 20 healthy children with matched age, gender and socioeconomic standard were selected from Mansoura University Children’s Hospital outpatient clinic and were served as a control group. Results : In all cases studied parameters including MDA, TAC, MDA/TAC ratio showed significant higher serum TAC, insignificantly higher serum MDA than its level before IMV, significantly lower MDA/TAC ratio after 72hrs of MV than before IMV, but the ratio still significantly higher than the control ratio. Conclusion : Estimation of MDA/TAC ratio could be used as a predictor index for MV outcome in children with CAP as indicated by ROC curve. Recommendation : Further studies for assessment of benefits of antioxidant therapy for children on mechanical ventilation.