الفهرس 
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Abstract
A novel application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles (MSC-derived MVs) with arthrodesis in dogs is described, radiographic osseous union, lameness score, histological findings, and complications following surgery are assessed. This study compared the procedure type in 20 cases of pan carpal arthrodesis in a canine model. 20 apparently healthy mongrel dogs of both sexes, 1 -2 years old were randomly allocated in four main groups; 5 animals for each; group I: cancellous bone graft group BG (treated with pan carpal arthrodesis and received autologous bone graft) group II: mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles group MVs (treated with pan carpal arthrodesis and received MSCs derived MVs only) and group III: mixed group (treated with pan carpal arthrodesis and received cancellous bone graft seeded with MSCs derived MVs). Another group is the control negative group (received nothing). that’s only treated with pan carpal arthrodesis without receiving any healing enhancement material. Radiographs were reviewed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery to compare the score of the radiographic osseous union. and the obtained results showed that group 2 (MSCs derived MVs) had a higher radiographic score than other groups followed by the mixed group while the (Bone Graft) and (control) groups show the lowest scoring. The BG group had significantly more major complications that required re-operation for implant removal or treatment of a deep infection compared to the other groups. Overall, mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles may be used to augment arthrodesis in dogs without significant morbidity .