الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A field experiment, designed in a split plot design with three replicates were carried out at PICO farm (Om Saber), EL-Beheira Governorate, Egypt, where soil is light loamy soil to examined the role of Ca:B:Zn levels on growth, fruit yield and fruit quality of the three Strawberry cultivars, Red merlin, Elyana and Fortuna plants during the two successive seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018.The data indicated that all strawberry growth, fruit yield and fruit quality traits significant affected by cultivars, treatments and their interactions in both seasons. Fortuna cv. had the highest; leaves number/plant, average leaf area, leaves content of; phosphor and calcium, average fruit weight, fruit yield/plant, fruit yield/fad, early fruit yield, exported fruit yield, fruit content of TSS, reducing sugar and total sugar in both seasons and highly desirable leaves content of Zinc in the 2nd season. Elyana cv gave the highest; root length leaves fresh weight, leaves contents of; potassium and Boron in both seasons and leaves content of zinc in the second season. The results also revealed that Redmerlln cv expressed the highest leaves dry weight, root dry weight, leaves contents of; nitrogen, potassium, calcium and fruit acidity in both seasons. The result also confirmed that strawberry plant that sprayed with Ca: B: Zn (1:0.25:1g) showed the highest leaves fresh weight and fruit acidity in both seasons. In the same way strawberry plants that sprayed with Ca: B: Zn (1.50: 0.50 :1.50 g) showed highly desirable significant values for; leaves number/plant average leaf area, root length, average fruit weight, fruit yield/plant, fruit yield/fad, early fruit yield and exported yield in both seasons. Strawberry plant that sprayed with 2:0.75:2 g Ca: B: Zn showed the highest leaves contents of; nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, calcium and boron in both seasons and zinc in the first season. Also, the same treatment gave the highest fruit content of TSS, non-reducing sugar, reducing sugar and total sugar in both seasons. The presented data indicated that the three strawberry cultivars differed in their responses to Ca: B: Zn levels. Fortuna cv under Ca: B: Zn (2:0.75:2 g) gave the highest number of leaves/plant, leaf content of phosphor, calcium fruit contents of; TSS, non-reducing sugar, reducing sugar and total sugar in both seasons. Also, Fortuna cv under Ca: B: Zn (1.5: 0.5 :1.5g) had the highest averages for leaf area, root length, average fruit weight, fruit yield/plant, fruit yield/fad, early fruit yield and exported yield in both seasons. Elyana cv under Ca: B: Zn at the rate of 2:0.75:2g had the highest leaves fresh weight, leaf content of potassium and boron in both seasons. In the same way, Elyana cv under 1:0.25:1 g of Ca: B: Zn had the highest leaf content of zinc in both seasons. Redmerlln cv under 2:0.75:2 g of Ca: B: Zn had the highest leaves dry weight, root dry weight and leaves content of nitrogen in both seasons. Also, Redmerlln cv under Ca: B: Zn (1: 0.25:1 g) had the highest fruit acidity in both seasons.
The results indicated that the loss in fruit weight, external appearance, color, and severity of fungal diseases were significantly affected by the method of storage, storage periods, varieties and pre-harvest applications of calcium: boron: zinc levels in both seasons. The storage method according to air cargo conditions (0-2 o and 90 ± 5 air humidity) gave the least weight loss, the least color change, the least disease severity and the highest appearance of fruits in the two seasons. The loss in fruit weight, fruit color and disease severity increased gradually with prolonged storage periods in the two seasons. Whereas, the general appearance of the fruits gradually decreased with the extension of the storage period in both seasons. Under the three shipping methods, the Fortuna cultivar had the lowest fruit weight loss, color change, and disease severity, as well as the highest fruit appearance compared to Eliana and Merlin in both seasons. Field spraying at a rate of (2: 0.75: 2) g of calcium, boron and zinc resulted in the lowest level; loss in fruit weight, change in color and severity of disease, as well as gave the highest appearance of fruits for the three strawberry varieties in the three shipping methods [by air (0-2 o and 90)]. ± 5 atmospheric humidity), marine (0-2 o and 90 ± 5 atmospheric humidity) and open (15-17 o and 65 ± 5 atmospheric humidity)] in both seasons compared to the control. The application of the Fortuna cultivar with (2: 0.75: 2) g of calcium, boron and zinc, and storage under air cargo conditions resulted in the lowest fruit weight loss, minimal color change, least disease severity, and the highest visible fruit appearance at the end of storage periods in both seasons.
The use of two biological agents led to Trichodermaharizianim and Basil satis bacteria in different dilutions (1:50; 1: 100 and 1: 200). The two spray treatments on different strawberry varieties reduced the severity of the specific gray mold disease on strawberry fruits compared to the control ( Untreated items) during the successive seasons 2017 and 2018.
Finally: It could be concluded that to obtained highly strawberry fruit yield and fruit quality, strawberry farmers in El- Beheira Governorate must be using Fortuna cultivar with the foliar spray three times with 2:0.75:2 g/l of Ca:B:Zn from the beginning of flowering stage. It is also recommended to use biological control at a dilution rate (1:50) for both Trichoderma Harizianim and Basil Sattlis bacteria, as it reduces the severity of the specific gray rot disease on strawberry fruits compared to the control (untreated varieties) during the successive seasons 2017 and 2018.
Keywords: calcium, boron, zinc, strawberry, growth, fruit yield, fruit quality, Post-Harvest.