الفهرس 
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Abstract
Antimicrobial-Resistance Gene Profiling Is A Useful Tool For Treating Resistant Bacteria. The Development Of Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes (Ames) In Addition To The 16S Rrna Methylases Are Considered The Primary Mechanisms Of Resistance To Aminoglycosides.
The Present Study Aimed At Isolation And characterization Of Isolates Belonging To Enterobacteriaceae Having Resistance To Aminoglycosides Class Of Antibiotics from Different Clinical Samples. Over A Period Of 24 Months, Thirty Samples Were Collected And 49 Clinical Isolates Of E. Coli [N=25], Klebsiella [N=13], Enterobacter Species (N=7) And Proteus Species (N=4) Were Isolated from Egyptian Clinical Laboratories.
The Identities Of The Cultures Were Confirmed Following Standard Microbiological Procedures. Resistance Of The Isolates To Aminoglycosides Was Determined By The Disc Diffusion Method And Isolates With Highest Resistance (N=9) Were selected And Investigated For 16S Rrna Methylase And Genes Encoding For Ames Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) And Sequencing.
In General, Aminoglycoside Resistance Was Found In 95% Of The Total Isolates; The Isolates Displayed The Highest Rate Of Resistance To Netilmicin (75%) And Kanamycin (55%), While Resistance To Gentamycin (18%) And Tobramycin (16%) Showed Less Resistance Rates.
A Total Of 9 Isolates Have The Highest Aminoglycoside Resistance Rate (HARR), Showed The Highest Appearance For Aac (6′)-Ib As Well As Ant (3”)-Ia Genes, With Aac (3)-II (44%) And Ant (4′)-Iib (34%) Following Closely Encoding For Resistance Mechanisms.
The High Prevalence Of Ames Observed Among Resistant Isolates In This Study Suggests The Urgent Need For More Efficient Treatment Designs To Mitigate The selection Burden As Well As Improved Care Of Patients Who Have Been Infected With These Drug-Resistant Organisms.