الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
TAVI has become the treatment of choice for many patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. During TAVI procedures accurate measurements of aortic annulus is important to avoid serious complications. MDCT is now considered the gold standard but there are still some limitations for CT like borderline annulus, severe calcification and challenges for MDCT as in tachycardiac patients BAV is used to facilitate valve delivery and decrease need for post-dilation. It can also used for sizing purposes In our study were compared valve sizes initially determined according to 2D TEE measurements with final valve sizes as determined by balloon sizing and we found that 2D TEE measurements matched with balloon sizing in about 80%. There were no clinical or anatomical factors could predicting un-matching measurements.TAVI approach using 2D TEE, pre-dilatation and balloon sizing resulted in favorable outcomes with a low incidence of PVL and other complications like conduction disturbances, coronary obstruction or stroke. This was applied to both balloon expandable and self- expandable valves Incidence of PVL in our study was comparable with studies depending on MSCT measurements. Valve calcification, LVOT calcification, LVOT/Ao angle and valve type contributed significantly to PVL. These anatomical factors have greater impact on PVL in Evolut R/PRO compared with SAPIEN group except LVOT calcification which affected both valves with no significant differences BAV helps in assessment risk of coronary occlusion through noticing the relation of displaced native leaflet with coronary ostia during full balloon inflation. In our study we didn’t observe any coronary occlusion. This is reassuring, keeping in mind that we were unaware of all anatomical details of the aortic root.