الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background and objectives: Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug that is used to treat solid malignancies including head and neck cancer. However, nephrotoxicity restricts its use. In this research, we investigated whether pantoprazole may protect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Novel biomarkers were used for early detection of nephrotoxicity.
Methods: Sixty chemotherapy naïve head and neck cancer patients completed the study. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups, each with 20 patients, following full history collection and clinical assessment. group I (control group) got cisplatin without pantoprazole, groups II and III were given pantoprazole 80 mg and 40 mg respectively concurrently with cisplatin. Blood and urine samples were taken at baseline, and 48 hours after the first and third cycles of cisplatin administration. Measurement of serum creatinine and soluble FasL (sFasL), as well as urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) was done.
Results: Six patients in group I and three patients in group III experienced nephrotoxicity. On the contrary, nephrotoxicity was not detected in group II patients. In comparison to groups II and III, serum creatinine in group I increased considerably at the end of treatment. group I also had significantly higher urinary KIM-1 and NGAL and serum sFasL compared to groups II and III after the first and third cycles. On the other hand, the difference between groups II and III was not significant.
Conclusion: Pantoprazole mitigated the increase in acute kidney injury biomarkers in cisplatin-treated patients. Therefore, it is a promising agent in reducing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov identifier: NCT04217512, registered in January 2020 ”retrospectively registered”.
Key words: Cisplatin, pantoprazole, NGAL, KIM-1, soluble FasL.