الفهرس 
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Abstract
Radiation exposure and its consequences are one of the most pressing concerns in occupational health. Adequate occupational health may have a substantial impact not only on the health of those exposed to radiation on the job, but also on the health and economics of the community. To achieve this goal, you must have a basic understanding of how ionizing radiation affects organ function and the repercussions. Ionizing radiation can cause cancer, as well as high energy and penetration, which can induce DNA damage, from a variety of causes (fallout, the Chernobyl accident, medical exposures, and so on). On a daily basis, medical physicists, technicians, physicians, and nursing personnel are exposed to ionizing radiation. Radiation exposure is affected by time, distance, shielding, and workload. One of the organs that could be affected by radiation is the thyroid gland. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation on thyroid gland function among medical radiation workers exposed to X-ray.
This study included 55 subjects divided into two main groups:
group I: 30 Radiation workers occupationally exposed to X ray.
group II: 25 non-exposed healthy professionals matched in age and sex with the previous group.
Our results showed that:
The mean values of TSH was significantly lower in radiation workers in comparison to healthy controls. On the other hand, free T4 showed insignificant difference in radiation workers occupationally exposed to X-ray in comparison to control group.
Mean values of free T3 was significantly higher in radiation workers than in control group. Meanwhile, the mean values of serum Thyroglobulin was significantly lower in radiation workers than in control group.
Thyroid-Anti-Peroxidase Ab levels were significantly higher in radiation workers group than in control group.
The mean ± SD of MDA and H2O2 were significantly higher in radiation workers than in control group. However, the mean ± SD of TAC was significantly lower in radiation workers than in control group.
The mean ± SD of thyroid volume (ml) was significantly larger in radiation workers in comparison to control group. Percent of thyroid nodules were significantly higher in radiation workers in comparison to control group.
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
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6.2 Conclusion
1. Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation impacts thyroid hormone secretion, even at low doses.
2. Ionizing radiation exposure at work is linked to an increased risk of autoimmune thyroid disease.
3. This study found that occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation in radiology department workers altered their redox status, despite the radiation absorbed doses being below the allowed limits.
6.3 Recommendations
Based on the preceding results, it is suggested that: -
1. Biological monitoring of thyroid hormones and Anti-TPO levels to detect early affection of the thyroid gland among radiation exposed workers.
2. In addition to the existing physical dosimeter, monitoring redox state in radiation workers can be used as a biological dosimeter.
3. Professionals who work in a job that exposes them to radiation on a regular basis should follow radiation protection recommendations, which include worker education about radiation safety, radiation dose monitoring, and the use of all protective shielding devices. Radiation exposure should be kept to a minimum.