الفهرس 
Identification of sentinel lymph node by intranipple injection of patent blue dye in early breast cancer
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Abstract
Background: Based on anatomical features of the lymphatic drainage in the breast sentinel lymph node (SLN) evaluation can accurately predict the regional nodal status and hence, there is a growing trend for SLN biopsy to replace axillary dissection in clinically node-negative cases. Assuming an orderly spread of breast cancer cells within the axilla, the sentinel lymph node concept implies that if the first lymph node receiving lymphatic drainage from the area of the primary tumor is not metastatically affected, all axillary lymph nodes will be tumor free. Morbidity can be reduced or prevented by performing sentinel lymph node biopsy only. Several techniques are applied regarding the site of injection of the tracer.Nearly all anatomic boundaries of the external superficial anatomy have been used as sites of injection (dermis, dermo-areolar boundary, and areola).There is little data in literature suggesting intra nipple injection as an alternative to the standard technique for dye injection. In our study we assessed intra nipple administration of a blue tracer as an alternative approach for SLN detection, also we investigated if such technique is feasible and simple to perform as well as reduction of postoperative wound complications