الفهرس 
A causal model as an approach of assessing relationship between humanizing street design and managing traffic impact
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Abstract
Despite the growing corpus of literature highlighting the vital causes of traffic congestion, amongst is prioritizing automobiles on the street, as well as relying on the traffic engineering method in judging the quality of the street amenities from the perspective of motorized traffic, the research is scarce in providing an alternative approach. This research addresses this gap emphasizing the critical need for traffic-impact design guidance and development frameworks for urban streets to measure their design performance based on human standards instead of traffic engineering related to roads.Three theoretical concepts are employed to guide its methodological framework, namely Buchanan{u2019}s concept environmental areas,Appleyard conceptual model, and Bayesian Networks. The research concludes by formulating a causal model as a performance assessment of the street design, contributing to understanding the potential impact of the street environment on softening the negative effect of traffic when incorporating human-centered street design principles in its design