الفهرس 
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Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of malignant CD5+, CD19+ and CD23+ mature, monoclonal B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other secondary lymphoid organs.
The biological behaviors and the clinical features of the disease are significantly heterogeneous. Several factors, including immunoglobulin heavy chain vari¬able region (IGHV) gene mutation, cytogenetic abnormalities, zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP70) and CD38 expression at diagnosis, predict prognosis and help guide therapeutic decisions. Recurrent gene mutations such as NOTCH1, MYD88, BIRC3 and SF3B1 confer drug resistance and adverse prognosis in CLL.