الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Evaluation of the uterine cavity is mandatory when studying infertile women. Similarly, assessing the implantation site is an important step in the management of women with diagnosed infertility, as abnormalities in the implantation process are thought to be the cause of a large number of cases of unexplained infertility in women. The presence of uterine pathology may cause endometrial dysfunction, impaired receptivity, failed implantation, and poor pregnancy outcomes such as recurrent miscarriages, preterm labour, etc. This makes it imperative to diagnose and treat both significant and not so significant uterine abnormalities in patients seeking infertility treatment.
In clinical practise, a variety of modalities such as hysterosalpingography (HSG), transvaginal sonography (TVS) or two-dimensional (2D) TVS, diagnostic hysteroscopy, and three-dimensional TVS have been used to assess the uterine cavity. However, diagnostic hysteroscopy has long been the gold standard for infertility investigation for uterine pathologies.
Despite its numerous advantages, such as direct visualisation of the uterine cavity, revealing the nature, location, shape, and size of the abnormality, and being therapeutic, hysteroscopy is not without limitations. It is invasive, requires operator skill, and is not available at all centres. Furthermore, there are some known complications such as uterine perforation, cervical laceration, and bleeding, as well as limited access in cases of cervical stenosis.
A newer or advanced imaging modality that could overcome the limitations of hysteroscopy was felt to be necessary, and this was achieved with the introduction of 3D transvaginal ultrasonography.
A new imaging technique, 3D TVS, can simultaneously register all three imaging planes and visualise the surfaces in three dimensions. As a result, it offers a unique diagnostic tool for non-invasive visualisation of uterine morphology and the diagnosis of congenital uterine anomalies.
The goal of our present study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy between 3D ultrasound and office hysteroscopy to evaluate uterine cavity in cases of unexplained infertility.
This study was carried out on eighty infertile female patients suffering for unexplained infertility recruited from the infertility clinic of El- Shatby University Maternity Hospital between April 2021 to October 2021.
The obtained results of the study concluded that:
• The mean age was 27.96 ± 3.74, most cases (45%) aged between 26-30years. The mean Duration of infertility was 4.89 ± 2.53, most cases (63.8%) was Primary.
• There were 48.8% with normal cavity and 51.3% with abnormal cavity: 36.6% with Polyp, 19.5% with ubmucous myoma, 17.1% with chronic endometritis, 14.6% with Adhesions, 4.9% with Uterine anomaly, 4.9% with Ostia abnormality.
• In Hysteroscopy, there were 51.3% with Overall abnormality, 18.8 % with Endometrial Polyp, 10.0% with Submucous myoma, 7.5% with Adhesions, 8.8% with chronic endometritis, 2.5 % with Uterine abnormality, 1.3% with Adenomysis