الفهرس 
The use of virtual reality in the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders
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Abstract
Background: The integration between the musculoskeletal and nervous system needs to be considered during the assessment and treatment of patients with musculoskeletal disorders.This may be assisted by using valid and reliable methods that simulate real-life situations. Interactive virtual reality (VR) technology can mimic real-life scenarios by introducing various auditory and visual inputs. Also, interactive VR has the advantage of customizing treatment parameters, and hence, delivering effective patient-centered care. However, the quality and strength of evidence regarding the adequacy of its psychometric properties in assessing the musculoskeletal function and its efficacy in orthopedic disorders rehabilitation have not been evaluated yet. Purpose: Systematically review and critically appraise the quality of the evidence supporting the validity and reliability of interactive VR in assessment of musculoskeletal disorders as well as its treatment. This review was conducted in two parts; first to investigate the use of interactive VR as an assessment tool for orthopedic clinical outcomes, and second to evaluate the efficacy of VR in treating orthopedic disorders. Methods: Multiple electronic databases were searched using adequate searching strategy. In addition, manual searching of eligible studies bibliography followed by snowballing using Scopus and Web of Science were done. Screening was conducted first by title, then by abstract and finally by full text. Specific quality assessment tool that suits the review aim was used to assess the strength of evidence provided by the eligible studies. All review stages were conducted by two to three independent reviewers and disagreements were resolved by consensus through discussion.Results: For VR as an assessment tool, nine studies were included in quality assessment. Based on outcome measures, studies were categorized into range of motion (ROM) (n= 3), balance (n= 3), reaction time (n= 1) and, cervical motion velocity and accuracy (n= 2). The majority of the studies were of moderate quality and provided evidence of VR adequate concurrent and, in some cases, discriminative validity. Also, VR showed high intra-rater reliability for most of the measured outcomes