الفهرس 
Chronic kidney diseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Iron is vital for a vast variety of cellular processes and its homeostasis is strictly controlled and regulated. Nevertheless, disorders of iron metabolism are diverse and can be caused by insufficiency, overload or iron mal-distribution in tissues.
Hepcidin, an acute phase reactant protein produced in the liver, is a recently discovered key regulator of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin inhibits intestinal iron absorption and iron release from macrophages and hepatocytes. Iron and inflammation are both hepcidin enhancers, while hypoxia-inducible factors, the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone, down regulate hepcidin.
Anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by reduced renal erythropoietin (EPO) production and decreased red-cell survival. Moreover, patients undergoing dialysis are often iron-deficient. Adequate iron stores must be maintained to ensure effective treatment of renal anemia using erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) because decreased iron stores or availability comprise the most common reasons for resistance to ESA.
Erythroferrone (ERFE) is the main erythroid regulator of hepcidin, the homeostatic hormone controlling plasma iron levels and total body iron. Erythropoietin is a powerful stimulus for Erythroferrone synthesis. So when the release of erythropoietin from the kidney stimulates the production of new red blood cells, it also increases the synthesis of ERFE in bone marrow erythroblasts. Increased ERFE then suppresses hepcidin synthesis, thereby mobilizing cellular iron stores for use in heme and hemoglobin synthesis.
Summary
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The aim of study was to assess the level of erythroferrone hormone in children with chronic kidney disease on regular hemodialysis.
This was case controlled study, was carried out in Menoufia University Hospital on 70 patient divide into 2 groups: (Control group): included 38 healthy individuals as a control, (Case group): included 32 CKD child on regular dialysis.
The main results of the study revealed that:
There was neither statistically significant difference in the age nor sex distribution between the control and CKD on regular hemodialysis patients groups, (P = 0.775) (P = 0.313) respectively.
There was statistically significant difference between cases and control groups regarding Hemoglobin (P < 0.001).
There was statistically significant difference between cases and control groups regarding level of Erythroferrone (P < 0.001).
There was significant strong correlation between the level of the hemoglobin and the Erythroferrone level. (r= -0.655, p<0.001)
There was significant strong correlation between the level of the Erythroferrone and serum iron. (r= -0.906, p<0.001).
Based on our results we recommend for further studies on larger patients and longer period of follow up to emphasize our conclusion.