الفهرس 
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Abstract
1- A total of 100 chicken flocks of different breeds and ages were examined from different localities within Sharkia governorate, Egypt. The birds suffered from respiratory signs with 2-25% mortalities and 70% decreasing in egg production. The postmortem examination revealed septiceamia and peticheal heamorrhages on different organs
2- The isolation of the suspected viruses were carried out on ECE then HA test was done for identification of heamagglutinating viruses. 63 out of 100 examined flocks were positive for haemagglutination test (HA).
3- Fifteen flock (12 out of 63 positive HA flocks and 3 out of 37 negative HA flocks) were identified using rRT-PCR. The selected flocks were suffered from severe respiratory symptoms with high mortality and/or dropped egg production. The results revealed that 6 samples out of 12 positive HA were positive for highly pathogenic Avian influenza virus (HPAIV-H5N8) and 6 samples were mixed infection by HPAIV-H5N8 and NDV. In contrast, one sample out of 3 negative HA was positive for Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV).