الفهرس 
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Abstract
Enany
English Abstract
The Suez Canal construction paves the way for species migration from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea and vice versa to form two types of migration known as the lessepsion migration and the Anti-lessepsion migration. Some authors argued the negative consequences of those alien species on the host environment and human. Few studies tried to handle the migration problem of bacteria because the traditional ways of measuring the community’s richness and dissimilarities failed to give enough detection of migrating taxa. Metagenomic approaches succeeded in solving that problem. Marine ecosystem pollution due to oil spills can be addressed by identifying the aromatic hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms and their responsible genes for biodegradation. Moreover, screening for genes coding for secondary metabolites is invaluable for drug discovery. We collected 22 open Sea samples from different locations in Egypt. DNA was extracted and the V3-V4 regions of 16s genes were amplified and sequenced. Three samples were chosen for shotgun metagenomic approach concerning the aromatic hydrocarbon degradation potential of the Ismailia metagenome at the Suez Canal in comparison to the seawater sampled at Halayeb at the Red Sea and Sallum at the Mediterranean Sea. Moreover, for an in-depth understanding of marine biotechnology applications, we screened for the PKSs and NRPSs domains in those three metagenomes. Bioinformatic analysis of the 16s sequences revealed 15 taxa migrated from the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea (anti-lessepsion migration), such as the genera Fluvicola and HTCC2207, Persicirhabdus. The family OCS155 is the only one migrated from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. Seven anti-lessepsion migrants colonized Suez Canal more than the Mediterranean Sea such as the genera Marinobacter and Halomonas. By mapping against functional protein databases, we found that 13, 6 and 3 gene classes from the SEED database, 2, 1 and 3 gene classes from the EgGNOG and 5, 4 and 2 genes from the InterPro2GO database were identified to be differentially abundant between Halayeb, Ismailia and Sallum metagenomes, respectively. Also, Halayeb metagenome in the Red Sea reported the highest number of PKSs domains showing higher potential in secondary metabolites production in addition to the oil degradation potential.