الفهرس 
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Abstract
BAP1 (BRCA1 associated protein-1) is a tumor suppressor gene located in the 3p21 region. BAP1 encodes a 729 amino acids long nuclear-localizing protein with an ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase (UCH) domain that gives BAP1 its deubiquitinase activity. BAP1 functions as a component of the ubiquitin proteasome system. The tumor suppressor function of BAP1 is thought to be through its role in transcription regulation, cell cycle regulation, chromatin modification and DNA damage response.
Deletion of the 3p21 region, the chromosomal location of BAP1is a frequent and early event in the formation of multiple tumors most significantly lung, breast and kidney cancers. Given the important role of BAP1 in tumorigenesis of many cancers it is likely that it is a major driver for tumorigenesis in many tumors with deletion of this chromosomal region. Loss of heterozygosity or deletion in the 3p21 region and its vicinity has been reported in a subset of HCC, biliary and pancreatic cancers suggesting that BAP1 could be an important tumor suppressor in the pathogenesis of these tumors.
Hepatic, pancreatic and biliary carcinomas are aggressive tumors and represent three of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. In Egypt, hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary hepatic cancer followed by intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and both constitutes 78.64% from all hepatobiliary tumors. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents the fourth most common cause of cancer death. BAP1 is a potential target therapeutic candidate with multiple emerging studies targeting its downstream signals. In addition, in many cancers BAP1 loss is associated with tumor aggressiveness and prognosis. The goal of this study was to investigate the contribution of
Summary
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BAP1 to the tumorigenesis of the 3p21 deletion in hepatic, pancreatic and biliary tumors.
This study included tumor tissues from 51 HCC, eight intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), two cases of lower common bile duct carcinoma (CBD), five cases oampullary carcinoma (AC) and 37 pancreatic duct carcinoma (PDAC).