الفهرس 
Antibacterial activity of experimental pit and fissure sealant containing ethanolic extract of propolis and a fluoride containing pit and fissure sealant versus conventional pit and fissure sealant
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Abstract
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) addition on resin based dental sealant with 10% concentration as regard; Antibacterial effect on streptococcus mutans, Shear bond strength and Microleakage, in comparison to fluoride releasing sealant and Conventional (fluoride-free) resin-based pit and fissure sealant. In the present study, a total number of 209 specimens were prepared, for each test three groups were formed; group I was resin-based P&F sealant containing 10% EEP, group II was fluoride releasing resin-based P&F sealant and group III was conventional resin-based P&F sealant. For the antibacterial test 90 specimens were prepared, 30 in each group for the different time intervals. For the measurement of the total flavonoid and fluoride ion release, 100 specimens were prepared, 50 specimens in each test (5 specimens for each time interval). For the shear bond strength test, 45 specimens were prepared, 15 specimens in each group. And finally, for the microleakage test, 24 specimens were prepared 8 in each group. Regarding FTIR, it was found that new bands were detected in the FTIR spectra of the resin-based P&F sealant modified with 10% EEP which confirms that there was a chemical bond formed between sealant and EEP. In the antibacterial test, the modified resin-based P&F sealants with 10% EEP showed a statistically significant difference when compared to the conventional resin-based P&F sealant and the fluoride resin-based sealants within all time intervals. Where, the highest mean value was found in group I after 1 dayof incubation while the lowest mean value was found in group III after 7, 14, 21 and 30 days of incubation