الفهرس 
Effect of manual lymph drainage on upper extremity lymphedema in breast cancer females
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Abstract
Background: Breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL), is an important medical and socioeconomic problem that affects the quality of life. Its symptoms are swelling, heaviness, numbness, limited motion and considerable disability. Purpose: To determine the effect of manual lymph drainage on upper extremity lymphedema followed mastectomy in breast cancer females. Methods: Forty women with unilateral upper extremity lymphedema post mastectomy by (6-18) months as a long term post-operative complication, their age ranged from (30-45 years old) and BMI (from 25-30 Kg/m2), They were assigned randomly into two equal groups (A and B). group (A) (control group) was treated by regular medical treatment (venotonics and lymphotonics-one tab 2 times per day, anti-edematous- two tabs 3 times per day) and wore compression sleeve for 8 weeks, while group (B) (study group) was treated by the same medical treatment and wore a compression sleeve as in control group with application of manual lymph drainage massage followed by multi-layer bandage 3 sessions per week, for 8 weeks. Round measurements were taken along the affected upper limb at regular intervals by traditional tape before and after treatment for 8 weeks. Quality of performing ADLs were assessed before and after treatment using upper extremity functional index (Paul Stratford scale)