الفهرس 
Influence of thermal manipulation during Late embryonic development on productive Performance of broiler chicks
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Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the influence of thermal manipulation (TM) during late-embryogenesis at ”13-15” days of incubation on the hatchability parameters, productive performance of broiler chicks and the acquisition thermotolerance under heat challenge conditions (HC). A total of 1200 fertile eggs were obtained from Cobb-500 breeder broilers parent stock at 35 weeks of age. Eggs were randomly divided into four experimental groups (300 eggs each), the first group was designated as control group under normal incubation conditions (C) and the other three groups were designated as thermal manipulated groups. Normal incubation conditions from day 1 to day 18 of incubation were 37.5{u00B0}C (99.5{u00BA}F) and 52% relative humidity. At 13-15 days of incubation, the thermal manipulated groups were exposed to thermal manipulation at 39{u00BA}C (102{u00BA}F) for 2 (T1), 4 (T2) and 6 (T3) hours