الفهرس 
iNTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 101 |  |  |
| | | from | 101 | | |
Abstract
Stored product insects cause serious losses in the weight and quality of the stored products during storage (Evans, 1987). Among the stored-product coleopteran insect pests, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) and Sitophilus granarius (L.) are the major insect pests in the storage of grain-based products (Campbell and Runnion, 2003). These pests are major pests of stored grains and grain products in the tropics (Daglish et al., 1996).
The red flour beetle, T. castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is the subject of this study. It is currently a very common pest, and one of the most frequently found pests of grain and cereal products. Compared with other pests of stored products, this species does not feed very intensively. However, because it lives in the bottom layers of infested food products, it is particularly difficult to detect. The species is a cosmopolitan store pest and is found in various products and habitats, particularly in mills, fodder storages, and shops (Trematerra ;Sciarretta 2004 and Laszczak-Dawid et al., 2008).
Sitophilus weevils, like Sitophilus granarius, (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are well-known stored-grain insect pests (Bağcı et al., 2014). These weevils have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution, occurring throughout all warm and tropical parts of the world (Hong et al., 2018). It has been estimated that during storage, 10–25% of the grain crops are damaged yearly worldwide.
Damages caused by the insects not only contain direct feeding harm resulting in loss of weight, but they also seriously decrease nutrients, lowering seeds germination rate, reducing quality, and lowering their marketing value due to the mass of waste, webbing, and insect cadavers (Abdel-Raheem et al., 2015).