الفهرس 
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Abstract
The dental clinic environment is a complex ecology and many interventions are required to ensure the highest standard of infection control. The knowledge of surface bacteria and the effectiveness of disinfectants are equally important. Almost all manufacturers claim that available disinfectants are active against a wide-range of microbes and suitable for diverse applications.
The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite 5% solution(1000ppm concentration) and unisepta disinfectants on microorganisms present on high touch surfaces of dental units in Governmental family health center.
This study was done during the period from November 2020 to December 2020. During this period 200 swabs samples were collected from high touch surfaces of two dental units in governmental family health center (100 swabs before disinfection (50 for each disinfectant) and 100 swabs after disinfection (50 for each disinfectant). All samples were taken at morning shift and when received at microbiology lab they were immediately cultured on Blood, Macconkey agars. The identification of the pathogens was based on the result of growth of microorganisms on blood, MacConkey agar as well as morphological characteristics by microscopic examination and conventional biochemical tests.
Chapter (6): Summary, Conclusion & Recommendations
60
In the present study the rate of microbial growth in all the 200 samples was 54%. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most prevalent 28%, followed by Bacillus spp. 16.5%, Pseudomonas, Micrococci and Staphylococcus aureus were 2% each and Streptococcus spp. was 1.5% and E.coli was 1% and finally both Proteus and Candida spp. was 0.5% each. Also the study showed that 46% of samples showed no growth of microorganisms.
Regarding disinfection using sodium hypochlorite 5% solution, the present study demonstrated that a series of microorganisms such as Micrococci, Candida, Streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus were completely eradicated after disinfection (100% reduction). While Bacillus showed 94.7% reduction and Staphylococcus epidermidis was the least with 60% of reduction.
Regarding disinfection using unisepta, the present study demonstrates that a series of microorganisms such as Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli and Proteus were removed after disinfection with 100% reduction. While, Staphylococcus epidermis remained the most prevalent with 72.7% reduction followed by Pseudomonas with 66.6% reduction.
Regarding the sample site in dental unit (A) the study showed that before and after disinfection with unisepta door handle was the most contaminated area followed by Spitting bowel buttons and light handle while the lower contaminated area was chair buttons.
Regarding the sample site in dental unit (B) the study showed that before and after disinfection with 5% sodium hypochlorite solution, the bracket table handle was the most contaminated area followed by spitting bowel buttons and door handle while the lower contaminated area was chair buttons.
Chapter (6): Summary, Conclusion & Recommendations
61
The study showed that unisepta was more efficient in removing Bacillus spp. (44% reduction) than sodium hypochloride5% solution (5% reduction) while sodium hypochloride5%solution was more efficient in removing S. epidermidis (40% reduction) compared to unisepta (27% reduction). However this was not statistically significant. Both disinfectants were equally efficient in removing many species such as Micrococci, Candida, Streptococci and S. aureus.