الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract The fish Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus collected from different pollution stations along the River Nile to assess the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), antioxidant enzymes, and heavy metals. Moreover water samples were collected from River Nile to evaluate levels of some physicochemical parameters and heavy metals. The results showed that the physicochemical concentrations of the water samples were: temperature 16.3-36.5 C°, transparency 54.3-80.2 cm, electrical conductivity 268-320μS/cm, pH 7.5-8.3, dissolved oxygen 7.3-11.2 mg/l, biochemical oxygen demand 1.3-3.3 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand 6.3- 10.7 mg/l, and ionized ammonia 0.57-0.96 mg/l. Heavy metals namely Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Pb in water showed maximum value: (5.8,0.51,0.350,0.230 and 0.90 mg/l) and (5.2, 0.42, 0.13, 0.47, and 0.27 mg/l) in summer and winter, respectively. The obtained results of the same metals in fish muscle and gills of Nile tilapia were higher than that found in water. The results of the present study further exhibited increased activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and levels of urea, uric acid, glucose, and cholesterol in the blood of O. niloticus, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels were higher in fish collected from polluted sites ( iron and steel factory at helwan, sugar cane factory at el-hawamdia, road el-farag, and electricity station at shobra el-khima ). The activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and level of malondialdehyde (MDA) showed significant increase (P<0.05) when compared to reference station ( V ) EL-Qanater. The results revealed a significant increase and decrease (P> 0.05) in the chemical composition of O. niloticus muscle. The moisture, protein, lipid, ash, carbohydrates and calorific values varied between (80.10–80.15% , 80.33-80.38%), (17.01–17.11% , 17.15-17.36%), (1.16–1.22% , 1.11-1.29%), (1.1–1.19% , 1.09-1.13%), (0.32–0.63% , 0.10-0.32% ) and (80.7–81 kcal/100 g , 79.8-81.6 kcal/100 g) in summer and winter, respectively. The results of the present study exhibited increased activities of AST, ALT and levels of urea and uric acid in the blood of O.niloticus fish sample at site (I) which may be due to heavy metals in water. Keywords:Nile tilapia, IGF-1, Antioxidant activity, Heavy metals, Biochemical parameters |