الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The production of chemical pesticides is the primary cause of the toxic organic pollution. The increasing and uncontrolled use of pesticides to reduce pests and improve agricultural production is considered a risk to the quality of the water. Because of their field application or as waste form chemical industries, different types of pesticides belonging to different chemical groups may be found in water. The most commonly used pesticides are derivatives of insecticide chlorinated hydrocarbons (i.e. DDTs, HCHs and representatives of aldrin). The main feature of such halogenated hydrocarbons is their immense chemical stability, their durability in water and soil and their very poor water solubility due to their lipophilic characteristics.
Heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, copper, zinc, and chromium, considered to be the most important contaminants in the atmosphere and water, were highlighted as very harmful pollutants to humans. This is because they cause damage to the brain and bone, and they kick marine life. Adsorption is the renowned remediation process used to remove the heavy metals from water. Special attention has recently been given to the use of renewable, environmentally friendly adsorbents such as rice straw (RS) and rice husks as alternatives to traditional adsorbents such as activated carbon.
At harvest time, RS is burning to get rid of its huge quantities that result in the emission of choking smoke, which triggers the phenomenon of ”black cloud,” which has adverse effects on human health and global climate. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the use of RS, instead of burning it to remove lead from industrial waste water. In addition, it analyzed and addressed the effect of enveloping the RS inside a natural teabag. The results obtained can be summarized as follows:
1- Detection of the agrochemicals in agriculture waste water
Agricultural waste water samples were obtained from Sidi Ghazi drain, Abis, the governorate of Alexandria; this drain is discharge at El-Max Bay. Examination of the samples collected demonstrated the presence of HCHs and DDT derivatives with concentrations below the allowable levels for discharges on marine surfaces as per Environment Law No. 4 of 1992. The compounds found were α–HCH, β–HCH, λ– HCH, Endrin, 4,4’ –DDD, Endrin–aldehyde, Endosulfan –sulfate and 4,4’ –DDT. The highest concentration of beta HCH was detected at 29.51 ppb.
2- Detection of the agrochemicals in industrial waste water
The samples of industrial wastewater were obtained from the Altabya region industrial zone, Alexandria Governorate. This industrial waste water discharges into the Sea of Abo-Quir. The sample analysis showed the presence of α–HCH, β–HCH, π–HCH, Endrin, 4,4’ –DDD, Endrin–aldehyde, Endosulfan –sulfate and 4,4’ –DDT. The highest concentration of 148 ppb was detected at Alpha HCH. The concentrations
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of theses pesticides for discharges on marine surfaces were less than the permissible limits pursuant to Environment Law No. 4 of 1992.