الفهرس 
Introduction
RhizobiaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The study aimed to mitigate the effect of salt stress on the nodulation, nitrogen fixation and growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by triple microbial inoculation with Fe3O4 NP-induced Rhizobium, AMF, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Such triple inoculation could be a successful bio-fertilizer that can contribute to protecting chickpea plants from salinity by alleviating salt-induced oxidative damage. The study was conducted on chickpea plants cultivar (Giza 531) grown under different levels of soil salinity (0, 75, 150 mM NaCl) and co-inoculated with Fe3O4-NPs-RP + AMF + SM to evaluate the response of some physiological criteria. The results were summarized as follow: 1- Seventy three bacterial isolates were recovered from root nodules of Cicer arietinum (L.) (chickpea), Vicia faba (L.) (faba bean), and Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. (cowpea) plants cultivated in different localities of Assiut Governorate