الفهرس 
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Abstract
Different methods were used successfully for the diagnosis of many laryngeal diseases. A rigid endoscope was used in otolaryngology outpatient departments for laryngeal evaluation with the advantages that the image is larger, brighter, and clearer, allowing earlier diagnosis but unfortunately, not all patients can tolerate the laryngoscope. recently, ultrasound imaging has become a very powerful tool for diagnostic radiology, especially in scanning the head and neck.
Laryngeal ultrasound can be used for assessment of vocal fold lesions, tumors, and mobility. Because of its real-time ability and noninvasive nature, it is considered an effective diagnostic tool for the proper assessment of the vocal fold mobility rather than other diagnostic modalities, The calcification of thyroid cartilage interferes with good assessment of the vocal folds by ultrasound.
Hoarseness of voice is the most common symptoms in Clinical history presented almost in all cases.
Ultrasound can assess the normal anatomy of laryngeal structure and surrounding neck structures for example: thyroid, cricoid cartilages and assessment of both true and false vocal cord, and the surrounding structures like strap muscles pre epiglottic spaces, cervical lymph nodes, thyroid and salivary glands.
Blind spots of larynx for ultrasound:
• Arytenoids
• Posterior commissure
• Pyriform fossa
• Aryepiglottic folds and hypopharynx
Ultrasound can diagnose different vocal fold lesions for example:
• Benign lesions: polyp, cyst, web, angioma, hypertrophy.
• Malignant tumors: can detect the tumor size, site, the extent, cartilage infiltration and nodal affection.
• Limited mobility: may be unilateral or bilateral.
Ultrasound proved that it is a valuable tool in evaluation of recurrent laryngeal nerve function before and after thyroid gland surgery at the same time of evaluation of the thyroid gland.
Limitation of ultrasound: in case of small size lesions like nodules and Vocal fold ulcers, inter arytenoid edema.