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Abstract Background: Stroke is the most leading cause to functional disability and gait problems. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of inclined treadmill training on improving balance and selected kinematic parameters of gait in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Thirty male stroke patients participated in this study. Patients were assigned randomly into two equal groups (study and control groups). The study group received treadmill training with 10% of inclination in addition to a selected physical therapy program for stroke patients (strengthening exercises, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) technique and stretching exercises). The control group received treadmill training without inclination in addition to the same selected physical therapy program. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in balance, gait speed and step length of both lower limbs post training in the study group. There was a statistically significant decrease in temporal asymmetry (increase in time on paretic leg and decrease time on non-paretic leg) on both groups.There was no statistical difference between both groups in step length of both lower limbs and time on paretic and non-paretic feet |