الفهرس 
Mismatch negativity before and after tinnitus retraining therapy in adult patients suffering from tinnitus
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Abstract
Background : Tinnitus affects 10{u2013}15% of the population of which in 2-3% tinnitus severance causes health issues and decreases quality of life (Baguley et al., 2013).The objective of this study was to assess the auditory Mismatch Negativity (MMN) parameters in tinnitus patients comparing parameters before and after Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT), and to compare MMN in tinnitus patients to non- tinnitus patients, and to correlate MMN parameters to subjective measures of tinnitus. Methodology: This research included two groups: A study group of 30 tinnitus patients who were compared to a control group that consisted of well-matched 10 normal adult subjects. All participants were subjected to full history taking, audiological examination, and MMN test. Tinnitus patients were further assessed for tinnitus severity using the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), tinnitus analyses including pitch and loudness matching, with the PMF as the deviant stimulus for the MMN test. Results: The MMN latencies were significantly shorter and the MMN amplitudes were significantly greater in the study group before TRT than the control group. The MMN amplitude after TRT has significantly decreased and the MMN latency has significantly been prolonged in both ears after TRT compared to before TRT. The MMN amplitude improvement matched the subjective improvement measured subjectively by the THI. Conclusion: Tinnitus patients showed abnormality in central auditory processing mechanisms involved in pre-attentive change detection of tinnitus related neuronal activity. This MMN abnormality showed improvement after habituation using TRT. So, we recommend adding the MMN test in evaluating tinnitus patients objectively before and after TRT for monitoring the treatment progress, together with the usual subjective measures for assessment of the degree of tinnitus severity