الفهرس 
Prevalence of carbapenemase- producing enterobacteriaceae in national cancer institute
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Abstract
Background: Enterobacteriaceae are a family of bacteria that include klebsiella species and Escherichia coli which are found in normal human intestine, these bacteria can spread outside the gut and cause serious infections in both health care and community settings. Carbapenem is a type of antibiotic used to treat these severe infections, since Ý-lactam antibiotics are a major drug class used to treat these infections, resistane to these agents will continue to challenge clinical therapeutic choices. Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are difficult to treat because they are resistant to commonly used antibiotics. CRE are an important threat to public health Objective: The aim of our study was to detect the increasing prevalence of carbapenemases’ producers among Enterbacteriaceae pathogens isolated from specimens of cancer patients by phenotypic tests and automated methods during a period of one year starting from April 2015 to April 2016. Subjects and methods: The study included 100 Enterbacteriaceae isolates, collected from infectious samples of pediatrics having cancer. The specimens included were blood, pus and respiratory specimens with exclusion of urine and stool samples. All the samples were subjected to routine culture and sensitivity testing, Identification of MIC is done by VITEK2, Carbapenem resistance was also determined by a phenotypic test utilizing Boronic acid and another phenotypic test (Carba NP) Results: 64% of the Enterobacteriacae isolates were resistant by VITEK 2, while 69% were resistant by Boronic acid test. However, 89% of the isolates were resistant by Carba NP. Conclusion: In conclusion, CRE continue to be an evolving threat to immunocomprimised patients as those with hematological malignancies and the role of CRE screening and preventive management strategies become so important. there is also an urgent need for research and development of new antibiotics active against CRE in attempt to improve outcome