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Abstract
Introduction: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) accounts for 5-15% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases. The incidence of APL in males and females is equal. The median age of onset of APL is about 40 years. Objective: This work aims to assess the different clinicopathological features in APL patients and the outcome of the different treatment modalities used to control the disease. Methods: This study retrieved the files of all adult patients with highrisk APL, who presented to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cairo during a five year period from January 2009 till December 2013. Results: The study included 38 adult patients with high-risk genetically confirmed APL. Age, sex, APL related presenting symptoms, associated comorbidities, platelet, and white blood cells count, Sanz risk category, hemoglobin concentration, FLT-3, and adding of cytarabine to induction regimen had no significant impact on disease free survival (DFS). Patients with associated comorbidities (DM and HTN) had significant inferior overall survival (OS) compared with patients without it. Patients with platelet count below 40(x 109/L) had significant inferior OS compared with patients with platelet count above 40(x 109/L). Age, sex, APL related presenting symptoms, associated comorbidities, white blood cells count, Sanz risk category, hemoglobin concentration, FLT-3, and adding of cytarabine to induction regimen had no significant impact on OS. Conclusion: Presence of comorbidities and low platelet count are poor prognostic factors in high-risk APL