الفهرس 
Nebulized hypertonicsaline forpreventionofventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated neonates
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Abstract
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia is defined as pneumonia in individuals who had a device to assist or control respiration continuously through tracheostomy or endotracheal tube within 48 hours period before the onset of infection. It is the second most common nosocomial infection in neonates. It is associated with many risk factors perhaps prematurity is the most relevant one. Prevention of (VAP) is better than treatment because VAP is associated with unwanted clinical outcome, such as prolonged time of mechanical ventilation, increased days of hospital stay, increased consumption of antibiotics, increased costs of treatment, and high mortality rate. Impaired clearance of airway secretions can act as a nidus for infection leading to pneumonia, so airway hygiene is our aim in order to prevent pneumonia. Nebulized hypertonic saline 3% is a cheap, safe, effective and easy way in maintaining, clearing, improving airway hygiene and preventing respiratory tract infection. This is a randomized controlled trial conducted on 100 mechanically ventilated preterm neonates divided into 2 groups; the case group received nebulized hypertonic saline Na Cl 3% twice per day for 10 days in addition to the routine preventive measures that are described in the bundle component for VAP prevention; and the control group who just received the routine preventive bundle. In a comparison between the 2 groups regarding the incidence and the outcome of VAP there were a significant statistical decline in the rate of VAP with improvement in the outcome and there were no detected side effect to hypertonic saline nebulization. Therefore nebulized hypertonic saline is recommended to be used for mechanically ventilated neonates to improve the air way hygiene and to prevent respiratory tract infection especially VAP as it is easily applied, cheap, and safe with no adverse side effect