الفهرس 
A Comparative study between postextubation of preterm Infants into high-flow nasal cannulae versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure
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Abstract
Determine whether postextubation respiratory support via heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannulae (HHHFNC) results in a greater proportion of infants younger than 34 weeks gestation being successfully extubated after a period of endotracheal positive pressure ventilation compared with conventional (NCPAP). {uF076}Determine the association of any adverse effects as apnea, pulmonary air leaks,feeding intolerance, abdominal distention, necrotizing enterocolitis, intestinal perforation, late-onset nosocomial infection, nasal trauma and bronchopulmonarydysplasia with either type ofpostextubation respiratory support. This prospective study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Gynecology and Obstetric department of Kasr El Aini hospital throughout a time interval of 30 months on 210 preterm infants. Extubation of preterm mechanically ventilated infants (88 neonates) in into HFNC and extubation of preterm mechanically ventilated infants (105 neonates) into NCPAP to compare postextubation failure rates of both types after exclusion of 17 preterm neonates from the study. Results: Among neonates who needed reintubation within 72 hour of initial extubation 72.7% of neonates belong to HFNC group while 27.3% belong to CPAP group (P value 0.063) and among those who needed re-intubation within one week of initial extubation 45.8% of neonates belong to HFNC group while 54.2% belong to CPAP (P value 0.970). Mean duration of respiratory support using HFNC was 3.7 days compared with 6.5 days using CPAP (p value 0.001). Duration of oxygen requirement for infants placed on HFNC was 19.15 days compared with 20.85 days for infants placed on CPAP (p value 0.376). Among neonates who suffered nasal trauma 90.6% of infants belong to CPAP group 12.5% while 9.4% belong to HFNC group (p value 0.001). Among neonates who developed BPD 27.5% of infants belong to CPAP group while 72.5% belong to HFNC group (p value 0.001). Among neonates who developed significant IVH Grade III/IV 74.1% of infants belong to CPAP group while 38.9% belong to HFNC group (p value 0.549)