الفهرس 
Critical Illness
Sedation and Pain ManagementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Complications following surgery remain the major cause of death worldwide, and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission following major surgery is considered a standard of care in many healthcare systems. However, PICU resources are finite and expensive. (1) However, advances in surgical and perioperative management have moved the focus of postoperative (postop) care to prevent complications and reduce the duration of hospitalization. (2) Health services research has failed to find an association between PICU admission and improved outcome in many types of elective major noncardiac surgery. Moreover, alternatives to PICU such as post-anesthesia care units (PACUs), high dependency units (HDUs), or specialist wards with enhanced nursing care can perform some elements of PICU monitoring in a less intensive environment and may provide an acceptable alternative to the traditional model of PICU admission for many patients having major surgery. (3) Admission to PICU has been a standard of care following many types of surgery for decades, however, PICU admission is often arbitrary, driven by local practice or bed availability, and not always possible in low-income or middle-income countries. As ICU resources are limited and expensive, identification of which patients are most likely to benefit from PICU admission is a major issue for those involved in delivering perioperative care. (4).