الفهرس 
Anatomical BackgroundOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary In 2020, there were 2.3 million women diagnosed with breast cancer and 685 000 deaths globally. As of the end of 2020, there were 7.8 million women alive who were diagnosed with breast cancer in the past 5 years, making it the world’s most prevalent cancer. There are more lost disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by women to breast cancer globally than any other type of cancer. Breast cancer occurs in every country of the world in women at any age after puberty but with increasing rates in later life. Breast cancer mortality changed little from the 1930s through to the 1970s. Improvements in survival began in the 1980s in countries with early detection programs combined with different modes of treatment to eradicate invasive disease. Tamoxifen, the selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been the standard regimen of adjuvant hormonal therapy for estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer in both pre- and post-menopausal women. Despite all the benefits of Tamoxifen use as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients, it may cause serious changes involving female genital tract specially endometrium. TVUS is the first modality used for following up of endometrial changes in breast cancer patients under hormonal therapy. It can direct the physician to the appropriate next step, whether, invasive or follow up. This review focused on TVUS techniques in detection of endometrial changes in breast cancer patients<b under hormonal therapy.