الفهرس 
Ureteroscopy and holmium yttrium aluminum garnet laser lithotripsy using dusting technique (low energy high frequency) for symptomatic upper urinary tract stones
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The technology increase the need to multiple new researches to understand this disease. Technical improvement and understanding of new tools of management of upper urinary tract stone disease increase success rate of retrograde intra renal surgery or ureteroscopy.Laser setting is a new topic for researches nowadays, these researches are directed mainly to improve stone free rate and to decrease complications. All these results suggest that laser energy below 1 Joule has the advantages of decreasing fragment size, decreasing migration and also decreasing laser fiber damage