الفهرس 
Role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of congenital bicuspid aortic valves and associated pathologies
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Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly with prevalence in the general population about 1% resulting in premature valvular degeneration and aortic dilatation. This condition is associated with significant valvular disease including aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, and infective endocarditis. BAV disease not only affects the aortic valve, but also the aortic root, ascending aorta, and aortic arch and all tissues originating from the neural crest. It also may be associated with important diseases of the aorta including ascending aortic dilatation, ascending aortic aneurysm, and coarctation of the aorta. Other associations of a bicuspid aortic valve include patent ductus arteriosus, supravalvular aortic stenosis (Williams syndrome), ventricular septal defect, and congenital coronary anomalies