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Abstract
Equine herpes viruses 1 and 4 are the most important viruses affecting horses of all ages and other members of equidae family (donkeys and mules) causing extensive economic losses from abortion, neonatal foal death and respiratory diseases. Infection caused by EHV-1 and 4 typically result in establishment of latent infection within the first weeks or months of life with subsequent viral reactivation causing clinical disease and viral shedding during periods of stress.Three hundred sera sample were examined for the presence of specific antibodies against equine herpes virus 1 and 4 in horses, mules and donkeys from 6 governorates in Egypt by indirect ELISA test. Detection of EHV-1 and EHV-4 by nested multiplex PCR and sequence analysis. Isolation of EHV-1 on tissue culture (MDBK cells) and identification by indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). Results obtained by ELISA revealed that 234 samples were found positive for the presence of EHV-1 and 4 antibodies with total percentage 78%. One sample was found positive for EHV-1 and three samples for EHV-4 by nested multiplex PCR. One tissue sample from aborted Arabian fetus retrieved EHV-1 cDNA equivalent to 145 bp viral glycoprotein B specific primer sets using nested multiplex PCR assay. The strain was designated (EHV-1 Egy 2016 glycoprotein B gene partial cds). Sequence analysis of 145 bp of the amplified fragment for phylogenetic construction revealed 100% compatibility with (Equid herpesvirus 1 isolate CP4 Germany 2016) Gen Bank reference isolate. One tissue sample from aborted Arabian fetus retrieved EHV-4 cDNA equivalent to 206 bp viral glycoprotein B specific primer sets using nested multiplex PCR assay