الفهرس 
Chapter 1Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Dierential and integral equations with deviating arguments usually involve the deviation of the argument only the time itself, however, another case, in which the deviating arguments depend on both the state variable and the time t is important theoretically
and practically. This kind of equations is called self-reference or self-dependent equations Equations which have self-dependent delays attract the interests of specialists since they widely arise from application models, such as the two-body problem of classical electrodynamics population models and position control, also have many applications in the class of problems that have past memories, for example, there are numerous applications in hereditary phenomena.