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Abstract Pregnancy with diabetes is a wide spread problem, associated with increased production of oxidants and oxidative stress. The offspring of mothers with diabetes are at increased risk of having much morbidity like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, particularly interventricular septal hypertrophy (IVS), macrosomia, hematologic complications like polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, in addition to metabolic complications like hypoglycemia. In the present study, we aimed to in to evaluate the relationship between the degree of the oxidative stress in infants of diabetic mothers and the interventricular septum thickness, plus the hematologic complications including the level of polycythemia. This cross-sectional study included 50 infants of diabetic mothers in one group which include 30 neonates born to mothers with pregestational diabetes and 20 neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes. The study was conducted at the delivery room and Neonatal Observation Unit, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Ain Shams University, over a period of 6 months from June 2021 to December 2021. Measurement of total oxidants status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) in umbilical cord of the neonates at birth, then calculation of the oxidative stress index was done as well as screening of the potential complications was done using echocardiography for screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, complete blood picture for hemoglobin and hematocrit level for screening for polycythemia, anthropometric measurements for screening for macrosomia and intrauterine gross restriction and first hour random blood sugar for screening of hypoglycemia. We found that (TOS) and (OSI) was significantly higher in infants who developed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (n=18 (36%)) and polycythemia (n=5 (10%)) than in infants who did not develop those complications, this was due to the fact that, TOS was significantly higher, while TAS was significantly lower in those infants. Macrosomia observed in 18 cases in our study group (36%), the difference in TAS and OSI levels was insignificant between the three weight groups, while TOS level was significantly higher in LGA group. Hypoglycemia, was observed in 17 cases (34%), and in our study there was a highly negative correlation between TOS and OSI with the 1st hour RBG, but no correlation with TAS level. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that total oxidant status TOS and oxidative stress index OSI in the umbilical cord were correlated with neonatal complications in the offspring of diabetic women including HCM, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, while macrosomia was correlated only with TOS level and did not correlate with OSI. While TAS level was significantly deceased in cases complicated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy HCM, polycythemia, and hypoglycemia when compared with neonates who did not develop those complications, on the other hand the difference in TAS level was insignificant between neonates with macrosomia LGA when compared with neonates who had appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA). |