الفهرس 
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Abstract
Since there is a concern of an increased mortality associated with delayed intubation after noninvasive respiratory support failure, it is crucial to quickly identify adequate timing for when to switch from noninvasive to invasive ventilation , experience of the physician also plays important to make this decision.Some recent studies have been used to assess probability of failure of NIV & need for IMV. Different scores such as ROX index , HACOR score, NIVO score, APACHEII score, P/F ratio, P/FP ratio & S/F ratio were used to assess failure of noninvasive respiratory support (Lucchini et al,2020).
This observational prospective study was applied on 50 patients (after exclusion of 20 patients), diagnosed to have ARF and needed Noninvasive respiratory support , PSV was applied to half of the patients and HFNC was applied on the other half.
Data was collected on admission & 1 hour after admission including (vital signs e.g mean BP, Temp, HR, RR , Labs e.g TLC , HCT, Na, K, urea, creat & ABG) .
Another parameters e.g GCS, presence of AF or CT consolidation were also included.
The results of these study showed :
• Scores e.g. HACOR ,APACHE II & NIVO were able to predict failure of Noninvasive respiratory support.
• Scores e.g. ROX, S/F ratio &P/F ratio were able to predict success of Noninvasive respiratory support.
• Scores e.g. P/FP showed no statistical significance regarding prediction of failure or even success of Noninvasive respiratory support on both PSV & HFNCp-value (0.124).(Table 16)
HACOR score was able to predict failure of noninvasive respiratory support after 1 hour of admission at a cutoff point 3.5 & mean (6±3) & p-value (0.006) (Table 16&20)
APACHEE II score was able to predict failure of noninvasive respiratory support at cutoff point 13 & mean (16±5) with p-value 0.001(Table 16&20)
NIVO score was able to predict failure of noninvasive respiratory support at cutoff point 3.5 & mean (4±2) with p-value 0.144(Table 16&20)
ROX index was able to predict success of noninvasive respiratory support after 1 hour of admission at cutoff point 11.4 & mean (13.68±3.88) & p-value (0.001) .(Table 16&20)
P/F ratio score was able to predict success of noninvasive respiratory support after 1 hour of admission at a cutoff point 146 & mean (203±62) & p-value (0.002). (Table 16&20)
S/F ratio score was able to predict success of noninvasive respiratory support after 1 hour of admission at cutoff point 233 & mean (295±71)& p-value (0.001) .(Table 16&20)