الفهرس 
Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training as a Prophylactic Treatment from Pulmonary Complications after Abdominal Surgery in Elderly
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Abstract
Purpose: To measure the effect of inspiratory muscle training as a prophylactic treatment from pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery in elderly patients. Methods: Sixty patients (males and females) with emergency abdominal surgery participated in the study. Their ages were 60 ±. They were recruited from Kasr Al-Ainy medical school. They were assigned into two equal groups. Study group (A): included 30 patients subjected to inspiratory muscle training using the threshold inspiratory muscle trainer device, in combination with a routine chest physical therapy program. Control group (B): included 30 patients subjected to a routine chest physical therapy program. Treatment was applied daily from postoperative day one and lasted for two weeks. Pre and post study assessment of pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and MVV), functional capacity (6 MWT), dyspnea (mMRC score) and BODE index score. Results: This study revealed a statistically significant increase in FVC with % of improvement about 52.47% and 45.20% for groups A and B, respectively; FEV1 with % of improvement about 35.76% and 20.31% for groups A and B, respectively; MVV with % of improvement about 13.01% and 8.94% for groups A and B, respectively; 6MWD with % of improvement about 28.53% and 17.09% for groups A and B, respectively; and a significant decrease in mMRC score with % of improvement about 57.57% and 50.54% for groups A and B, respectively; BODE index with % of improvement about 77.64% and 62.11% for groups A and B, respectively; and no a significant difference of FEV1/FVC with % of improvement about 2.20% and 0.45% for groups A and B, respectively. This comparison favor group A more than group B at post-treatment. Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle training had a significant effect on pulmonary function, functional capacity, and dyspnea, so this study supports the importance of adding a threshold inspiratory muscle trainer device into the postoperative physical therapy program after abdominal surgery in elderly patients as a prophylactic treatment from pulmonary complications.